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COLUMNISTS
TODAY'S STORIES
18.02.2008
No Country for Inattentive Critics

As is the case with much of what he writes, David Denby's long piece on the Coen brothers' oeuvre is frequently insightful and occasionally maddening. (Like Ross Douthat, I adhere more to the Matt Zoller Seitz view of the Coens as closet moralists than to the far more common complaint, echoed by Denby, that they are technically proficient nihilists.) But there are times in the piece where you get the sense Denby just hasn't been paying very close attention.

For example, in his discussion of Miller's Crossing (a marvelous film which he casually maligns), Denby writes that 

a hat flying beautifully through the woods in “Miller’s Crossing,” ... [was] stuck somewhere between gag and symbol—a symbol without a referent. (Gabriel Byrne’s fedora, in “Miller’s Crossing,” epitomized the décor of thirties gangster movies, but not their meaning.)

Now, it's a little unclear from the writing whether Denby recognizes that the flying hat and Byrne's fedora are one and the same, though I'll assume he does. But while I'm not sure what "meaning" Denby believes fedoras to have had in thirties gangster movies, the hat's meaning in Miller's Crossing is plain enough: It is Byrne's armor, without which he is vulnerable both physically and emotionally, as is made abundantly clear on at least half a dozen occasions in the film. Now, you can think this symbolism is shallow or pretentious (I don't), but if you missed it altogether you probably shouldn't be writing about about the subject quite so patronizingly.

There are also Denby's multiple mystified references to Anton Chigurh's cattle-gun in No Country for Old Men: "[W]e are unlikely to ask why Chigurh kills with a captive-bolt gun (the kind used in killing cattle) rather than a revolver"; "the strangely armed Chigurh."

Now it is true that Chigurh commits his second murder (of the motorist whose car he subsequently steals) using the captive-bolt gun. (Why? Presumably because it's quieter and less threatening-looking than a pistol, though the fact that it is genuinely cinematically terrifying undoubtedly plays a role, too.) But it's made awfully clear that the primary purpose of the cattle-gun is to blow out the locks of doors, a task to which Chigurh puts it again and again throughout the film. Indeed, after the murder of the motorist, Chigurh does consistently carry a firearm: He uses the cattle gun to open doors for him and the regular gun to kill people with. (Indeed, if I recall correctly, he has to do this, as the cattle gun has an effective range of only a couple of inches.)

Neither of these confusions on Denby's part much speaks to his broader complaints about both films. But they do suggest that he hasn't watched either movie terribly carefully.

My own take on No Country is here.

--Christopher Orr

Posted: Monday, February 18, 2008 12:00 PM with 7 comment(s)

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ejbenjamin said:

The cattle gun is also important to the underlying morality of the film, established by McCarthy and faithfully conveyed by the Coens, in which human slaughter means no more to most of the characters than animal slaughter.  Chigurh is the pure embodiment of this ghastly world's broken moral compass, killing people as people kill cattle, but it's not just him-- remember the cops who seem more shocked by the killing of the dog than by the killing of the people in the drug deal in the desert.

I think the Coens are moralists, too, but No Country for Old Men is incredibly nihilistic.  I can't remember any other mainstream movie in recent years that truly suggested a purposeless, lonely world-- one without a God.

February 18, 2008 1:13 PM

CharlesFosterKane said:

I think Denby is insightful but also a bit stubborn and even lazy when it comes to investigating his theses. A few years ago he gave a very pessimistic talk about the movie industry which I generally agred with, though I though he kind of let critics off the hook for lowering their standards. Afterwards there was a Q&A and I asked about King Kong, which he denigrated without mentioning the generally positive critical response (Ebert put it in his top 10, it had a high rating on Rotten Tomatoes, etc.) I don't know if he thought I was trying to defend the movie, but he came up with some snappy response ("That's Roger's problem" or something like that) and moved on. His answers to all the questions were similarly snippy and I got the impression that once his strong opinion had been determined, he wasn't going to let facts or questions reopen the investigation. Perhaps a lot of critics fall into this trap (for the record, I've enjoyed your columns, but than closed-minded sniping wouldn't really gibe in TNR -- at least not outside the Spine).

February 18, 2008 1:21 PM

CharlesFosterKane said:

ej, I think the Coens are too invested in personal codes of responsibility to be truly nihilistic -- maybe you could call them existentialist. Purposelss, lonely world, perhaps without God -- but one in which people can operate under a certain code. True, this doesn't really achieve anything in No Country (though here they are being faithful to the source material, which I haven't read, and in their other films this isn't really the case) but the characters generally follow their particular codes to their ends (the characters' and the codes').

Also, I don't think we can separate what Denby (or at least Chris' paraphrase of Denby) calls their "technical proficiency" which is actually a complete mastery of form, probably more complete than any other director(s) working today. The rugged beauty the film reflects suggests some sort of natural order, albeit not one particularly moral in the conventional sense, and to me a truly nihilistic film would also be ugly. Can't separate form from content, at least not in an excellent film like No Country, and rather than being ironic, I think the formal control and beauty actually adds a wider context to the violence, death, and defeat. But I've only seen the film once, and perhaps a second viewing would change my mind.

February 18, 2008 1:28 PM

ejbenjamin said:

SPOILER WARNING, in case that's not obvious yet.

CFK: I do think the world of No Country for Old Men is nihilistic, but that the Coens' sympathies clearly are with the non-nihilistic Sheriff Bell.  They are depicting the world as they (and McCarthy) see it, but they are not embracing it.

You used the word existentialist, and that's probably the right word for them, at least with this movie.  The Sheriff follows his honorable code, but it leaves him totally without resolution.  Moss is doomed by his fleeting sympathy for humanity, when he decides to return to the drug deal with the water.  The only one in the movie who gets what he wants is Chigurh, and he gets it by being resolutely, rigidly amoral.

Anyways, I think we're generally on the same page here.  I also fully agree with you that the Coens are formal masters, and they belong on the short list of the world's great working directors in no small part because of it.

February 18, 2008 2:20 PM

miceelf said:

ejbenjamin

I took the cattle gun to be related to slaughter but in a slightly different way- in Chigurh's world, most people are simply cattle to be slaughtered, and part of this is their stupidity/naivete/inability to see the world for what it is. it's not simply that he doesn't assign them moral weight, but that they behave in a way that in most peoples' eyes would be endearing- overly believing, easily fooled, etc.

February 18, 2008 4:46 PM

jhildner said:

SPOILERS, of course:

Regarding No Country, Denby says:  "The spooky-chic way the Coens use Bardem has excited audiences with a tingling sense of the uncanny. But, in the end, the movie’s despair is unearned -- it’s far too dependent on an arbitrarily manipulated plot and some very old-fashioned junk mechanics. 'No Country' is the Coens’ most accomplished achievement in craft, with many stunning sequences, but there are absences in it that hollow out the movie’s attempt at greatness."

I frequently disagree with Denby, but I think he's exactly right here.  The movie seems to want to convey a larger message of dread, but the vehicle -- a weird pscyho chasing a guy who took some drug money, killing a few people along the way -- doesn't accomplish that.  The movie doesn't trascend the specific plot, which itself is awfully stripped down.  Chigurh, meanwhile, is neither a convincing person nor a convincing symbol.  Seitz, in his blog posting linked above, does make the comparison that first came to me -- to horror shlock or action shlock in which a cartoonish bad guy chases the protagonist from set piece to set piece until the end, maybe happy or maybe not.

Seitz thinks there's a lot more to No Country, but I can't quite make it out.  My thoughts while watching were questions.  Questions like, "Why?"  And "So?"  I don't know if it's nihilistic -- (shouldn't a nihilist movie be a blank screen?) -- but it is very bleak, and the film fails to translate the specific bleakness of the story into a general bleakness, despite an evident ambition to do so.  The movie says nothing coherent I can discern about the world today, about the world generally, about evil, about morality, about death, about destiny, about chance.  There are *hints* at all of these things, but they are not brought home or spun into a meaningful whole.  The result is an empty vessel in which more thoughtful viewers can, picking up on these hints, argue for various deeper meanings.  (Seitz goes on in in that way for paragraphs.)  I'm skeptical that the product itself is actually so thematically rich absent aggressive help after the fact.  For example, it would be plausible to view the movie as a time-specific foreboding.  Bell suggests that the sort of monster they're chasing is new for him, and, by extension, for us.  But that doesn't seem right as a matter of fact (haven't there always been psycho killers, including psycho killers in movies?), and Seitz argues that the movie is making the opposite point anyway -- that "there ain't nothing new."  Well, which is it?  And what difference does it make?

Denby, in addition to the cattle stunner, mentions Moss's going back to give the Mexican gunshot victim water.  This is a more valid criticism.  The movie alienated me from the start in part because I didn't buy Moss.  His non-reaction when he first discovers the money, as if it's just what he expected to find, seemed contrived.  But his going back many hours later, pointlessly and at great peril to himself, to bring a likely already dead man water which would, in any event, not help him one bit (after losing sleep over the matter), was just silly.  If he wanted to help the man, he should have called 911 from a pay phone long before.  The moment doesn't humanize Moss.  It just makes him seem foolish -- dumber than we know he is.  It's the sort of misfire that can take you right out of a movie, especially when it's supposed to be a window into the character.

I felt that sort of frustration frequently during No Country.  Chigurh's dialogue was another example.  The confrontation between Moss's wife and Chigurh was supposed to be a dramatic climax, but it fell flat because (1) we're not expecting Chigurh to illuminate the whys and wherefores of his murdering ways, (2) he doesn't, (3) we're expecting him to kill her, and (4) he does.  (Except it's not shown -- why not?)  So, in the absence of suspense or drama, we're left with sadism and the aforementioned horror shlock.  A car accident is the perfect disorienting, startling event, and its coming after killing the wife suggests ... what?  That the cosmic balance has been upset somehow?  That shit just happens?  Who knows?

February 18, 2008 5:10 PM

The Ignorant Populist said:

Finally, got to see it and it's a desperately frustrating experience.

Frustrating because it could have been so much more. What would the Coen's do with a proper script?

I echo all of the moments in your review Chris but here are a few scenes that just threw me right out of whatever, allegorical tale was trying to be told:

Going back to give the dying man water after so much time has passed.

Woody Harrelson's character going from the hospital to the exact point on the bridge where he spots the case.

Chirgurgh's meeting with Moss's wife.

The car crash in the street, which seemed to serve no purpose, whatsoever.

The rather trite flicking of the coin device. I'm sure that's being done before, if it hasn't it certainly felt like it had.

I was told that it was all a dream, so I was really watching out for the symbolism and allegory throughout from the start. Now, what was the point in the car crash, apart from what seemed like a bit of drama to plug a gap?

Last, but not least, the voiceover at the beginning and the end just didn't really speak of anything profound to me at least. Sure, avoiding risk, the draining effect of time etc etc, but the voiceovers are key to such a film and they really rambled, aimlessly.

I haven't read the book, so maybe I'm missing a whole lot there.

I point out the above because I really enjoyed the film. Not least because it managed to create such tension and pathos with minimal (if at all?) music. That silence just expanded the desert scenes so well.

But, as I say, a really patchy script.

(BTW, I'm getting really fed up with the tiny font in TNR. My eyes hurt from trying to type on this site.)

February 18, 2008 6:06 PM